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- Subject: Western Civilization - World War II
- Title: Did the Western World do enough for the Jews in the Holocaust
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- "When they came for the gypsies, I did not speak, for I am not a gypsy.
- When they came for the Jews, I did not speak, because I wasnÆt a Jew.
- When they came for the Catholics, I did not speak, for I am not a
- Catholic.
- And when they came for me, there was no one left to speak."
- -On the Wall at the Holocaust Museum in Washington
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- It is impossible to learn about the Holocaust and the Second
- World War without the question of how it possibly could have happened
- arising, and along with that question comes another. The question of
- whether or not the Western World did enough to help the Jews in Europe.
- What was their reaction to the campaign of systematic persecution,
- robbery and murder the Third Reich inflicted upon the Jewish people?
- During the time leading up to the outbreak of World War II, the
- Western Press consistently carried numerous reports of the GermanÆs
- anti-Jewish policies and their purposeful victimization of the Jews
- living in Nazi Germany as well as the annexed territories. The general
- public cannot claim that they did not know what was going on, that they
- were uninformed. Whether or not they chose to believe it however, is a
- completely different story. The public were indeed outraged in many of
- the cases but the governments of the major European democracies felt
- that it was not for them to intervene for they felt that the Jewish
- problem classified as an internal affair within a sovereign state. The
- truth behind this is simply that the governments were anxious to
- establish cordial relations with Germany and didnÆt want to cause any
- hostility. Thus they stood idly by and remained silent as Hitler went
- from denying the Jews of their civil rights to denying them of their
- means of earning their daily bread.
- As much as they wanted to remain neutral, the countries of the
- Western World were finally forced to take a stand on the issue of
- emigration of Jews from the Reich who were seeking refuge. The United
- States maintained strict immigration quotas which severely limited the
- number of Central and Eastern Europeans admitted to the country each
- year. Even under such extreme circumstances, the US insisted on adhering
- to these policies and refused to modify them even slightly. Great
- Britain proved to be merciless as they blocked entry into Palestine and
- limited the amount of entry permits. The states that had the ability to
- absorb the immigrants such as Australia, Canada and most countries of
- South America, accepted agricultural workers but denied entry to
- professionals, merchants and skilled artisans. There were actually
- protests in the US and Britain organized against the admission of
- immigrant doctors.
- The President of the United States initiated the Evian
- Conference in 1938 in an attempt to find a means that would aid
- emigrants from Germany and Austria and enable their absorption
- elsewhere. Thirty-two countries sent delegates with hopes that a
- solution would be found however, it quickly became clear to all that the
- even the great powers who had initiated the conference were not willing
- to take any significant steps towards accepting the refugees. Despite
- the speeches and the appeals, no one country was willing to commit
- themselves to practical measures, the smaller countries following the
- example of the larger ones. An international committee was set up in
- London for refugee affairs but it lacked funding as well as a place
- towards where they could direct the refugees. It is evident here that it
- is not a lack of knowledge that something had to be done, but rather an
- unwillingness that prevented the Western World from helping the Jews.
- Words are just that, mere words, unless they are put into action. As a
- result, the Evian Conference is regarded as a complete failure.
- Once the war began, the comprehensive information regarding the
- conditions in Germany that the Western World had at one time been
- provided with, ceased. Still, news of the Einsatzgruppen Æs activities
- and the mass killings in the death camps found its way to the west. Up
- until the middle of the year 1942, the general tendency was to regard
- the consistent persecution of the Jews as just one part of the complex
- of oppression in the occupied countries. By the mid-1942 the horribly
- terrifying rumors about HitlerÆs Final Solution as well as the
- operations and atrocities being conducted were confirmed.
- Once again the reactions of the United States and Britain, who
- were the major countries of the anti-Nazi alliance, were of horror and
- anger. The Jews put forth plans to combat the Nazis persecution of their
- people such as a demand for the exchange of Germans for Jews or the
- launching of retaliation strikes against the Germans until the murders
- ceased. Not only were these proposals refused simple consideration, but
- there was not even a willingness to halt the formal procedures governing
- the transfer of dollars abroad which may have saved the lives of many
- Jews. All proposals which, if out into action, could have saved
- thousands of children and other victims, were submitted to
- administrations that merely contemplated rather than decided and thus,
- produced no tangible results.
- As Jews were fighting for their lives in Warsaw Ghetto, a
- conference of the major allies convened in Bermuda to consider the
- "problem" of refugees. As with the Evian Conference, no practical
- solutions were proposed, The only thing it did accomplish was an attempt
- at reviving the International Committee for Refugee Affairs, which had
- no executive powers.
- Finally, the conclusion of the Allies was that rescue would only
- be accomplished through a final victory over the Nazis. It was decided
- that in the meantime, no military action should be taken which was not
- part of the purely military-strategic plan. This policy was strictly
- adhered to and therefore no operation for relief or rescue was
- undertaken, even if such an action did not conflict with military
- objectives or require the use of military power.
- "He who preserves one life, it as if he has preserved an entire
- world." - The Talmud. Anytime the world stands idly by and remains
- silent as 6 000 000 worlds are shattered, not only did they fail to come
- up with a solution, but they became a part of the problem. Hitler
- attempted to erase an entire race of people, because of him there was a
- generation lost. My entire grandparents family was murdered and many of
- their friends still bear the numbers that were etched into their skin.
- They have endured nightmarish atrocities not fit for the world of the
- awake. They have been witness to ideas, thoughts and actions one would
- deny human beingÆs capability of even imagining. Their eyes have been
- robbed of their innocence after seeing sights that would cause anyone to
- shut them in fear and disgust but this was an option they did not have.
- Now you look into those eyes and you tell them that the Western World
- did all they could to help the Jews.